The input frequency isn't used in scanning. Police departments, as well as Fire, EMS and other agencies use repeaters. A repeater takes a signal on one frequency, the input in this case, and retransmits it on another frequency.
Think of it like this. The Police car radio isn't powerful enough to talk to dispatch when they're across town. But, it IS powerful enough to transmit to the repeater, which then retransmits the conversation over all police radio's.
When programming your scanner, you program in the first frequency, or the "output" of the repeater. That way you hear everything. If you were to only program the input frequency, you would only hear stuff when a police car, or other radio was close to you, or if you were close enough to dispatch.