Here is a good read on radials and ground screens for vertical antennas:
http://www.sherweng.com/documents/GroundScreen-sm.pdf Looks like a few lengths of chicken wire or hardware cloth can provide an adequate ground plane using less space than a bunch of radials.
I've read many reports that say its better to have lots of short radials than a few long ones, it seems the spacing between the ends of the radials is key and there is a small fraction of a wavelength between them that you should target. When radials are laying on the ground or buried, they are no longer resonant, which is different from using elevated radials. But ground loss will detract from radials on or in the ground and the goal would then be simulating a huge solid metal surface out to 1/4 wavelength or even 1/2 wavelength like AM broadcasters do if you had the space and money.
When I put up a permanent 43ft vertical I tested performance as I added radials. It worked and made ok contacts with four 33ft radials and the radio's internal tuner would easily tune on 160m. I have 125ft of LMR400 feeding the antenna.
Then I went to eight radials and it seemed to work a little better on all bands. Then around 12 radials the internal tuner was having trouble tuning on 160m. At 20 radials I could not tune 160m and its probably because the high ground loss with just a few radials raised the very low impedance up to something the radio could handle. As I added radials the impedance on 160 got lower as it should and out of the radio's tuning range, but the antenna was becoming more efficient on 160m.
I stopped at about 30 something radials and as more were added after 12 the improvement was harder to see, but more is definitely better. All the testing while adding radials was with the supplied 4:1 balun with the tuner in the radio making up for the terrible mismatch.
Adding the SGC tuner at the base made more difference than going from four to 30 something radials and the combination of lots of radials and the SGC tuner made this 43ft vertical into a very worthwhile antenna.
However, I would not be happy with just a vertical for HF. I have a horizontal dipole on the same property (ZS6BKW flat top at about 25ft) and its one or more S units better than the vertical for local stuff within a few hundred miles due to NVIS propagation. Without the horizontal antenna I would be missing out on lots of local 40 and 80m contacts.
If you can supplement a vertical with even a low dipole or end fed running along a fence, it will fill in places where the vertical falls short.
prcguy
You betcha! We don't get into the new house until right after spring training breaks but, like we always say in the Cubs universe: There is always next year!
BTW, back to the original topic... What are my options on ground radials? How many and how long should I be looking at? That will impact where the antenna goes...