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There will usually be a terminating resistor for these kinds of antennas. The multi wire and shape is responsible for some band width but to cover something like 10 to 30MHz or more they are terminated with some inherent loss.
I don't remember seeing one on a military type broad band vertical. A loading coil would be frequency specific and some of these antennas are a type of traveling wave thing where current is pulled through them to radiate by a terminating resistor and on some frequencies its more efficient with less power wasted in the resistor and other freqs more gets absorbed but it presents a reasonable match to the transmitter across a very wide range.
No loading coil, but guessing some form of tuner below the mount.
That ceramic insulator is the mount for the antenna, this is also the feed point. It is a stand alone antenna.
Just a fat verticle. the real antenna looks ruged as a car frame. Over all, about 15 foot.