I don't see much difference in putting the antenna on the trunk lid or on the rear shelf as that little piece of glass for the rear window isn't going to make much difference in RF exposure. For years while working at mother M I had installed many antennas on the rear shelf, even covering some with a tissue box or placing VHF ones in the crease of some rear window glass for covert ops. The only downfall I found was when the electronic rear window defroster was turned on, it basically became a Faraday shield, and blocked signals. Reception depended on signal strength coming into the vehicle.
I don't know if it is still made but I also installed a slotted wave box antenna which was a replacement for the 6 by 9 speaker, but they were pricey.
Another alternative is if you are close to your repeaters was using a standard UHF whip as a curb feeler, I did that for a Chief of Police in N.J. one time. There are also cellular look alike antennas, but they have a very narrow frequency spread and the on glass ones may have some power limitations.
That Stico behind the bumper cover antenna you could probably make yourself, but the limitation I see is that it is going to be VERY directional and at a low angle.