I run 4 instances of RadioFeed (
ProScan) on a 10+ year old thin client without any issue. I also have a PC with an AMD E-240 APU that works OK. Windows takes awhile to boot (even with an SSD) but once Windows loads, the feeds run fine.
A VM would work OK if you're able to mount the sound card in to the VM. I know VMWare lets you mount a USB device but I've never had a need to try USB sound in a VM.
I've been using the same thin client for 5 or 6 years and until recently, it has been rock solid. I am planning to try and move my feeds to a Raspberry Pi since my thin client is getting up there in age.
Good luck with your project.
-Rob