It will disable the charge if you get the USB voltage too low error.
If I remember correctly, in the early firmware, if you encountered low voltage, a low voltage message would be displayed and the radio would just stop with that message on the screen until you power cycled it. Later firmware versions appeared to change this to a brief (< 5 second) display of that message which then let the radio resume on battery. The low voltage error would also change the user setting for battery charging to OFF.
Additionally, as others have stated, once the temperature of the radio reaches a certain point, the charging circuit temporarily disables itself until the radio cools down.
I saw both of these issues happen quite often during my testing of a loaner radio.