The ComDart’s ability to immediately locate enemy communication transmissions from a single platform represented a breakthrough capability, said Adi Dulberg, vice-president general manager of IAI-Elta’s Intelligence, Communications and Electronic Warfare (EW) Division.
Standard communications intelligence (COMINT) systems usually install an antenna array on a platform, link the array to a receiver and use it to evaluate the direction of the spread of the wavelength, providing an “azimuth axis of where the emitter source is coming from,” Dulberg told Janes.
The main drawback of that approach is that it “only provides direction, not the precise location of the emitter. The other technique is to use a number of platforms and sensors in a single area cell,” according to Dulberg, who suggested that the tactic can be cumbersome and is rarely implemented.
“ComDart is a highly compact system using just a single antenna,” he said. “As soon as someone presses the push-to-talk button and utters a few words, we immediately know the location.” ComDart also eavesdrops like other systems, he added, but “the immediate location track is the breakthrough,” Dulberg explained.
It's pretty clear that they are in fact claiming to be able to use a single device to locate a transmitter from a single transmission. The only way to do that is to use an airborne platform, and use some version of the process I described to calculate at least x and y bearing angles between the drone and the transmitter, and plot the transmitter location as where those angles intersect the ground. And as I noted before, increasing the range makes the angle calculations more accurate. So your objection re range is invalid. The limiting factor is signal strength.