Talker Alias (TA) is mainly used by the amateur DMR network known as Brandmeister, both in the UK & Europe. As has been mentioned, the users name/callsign is transmitted as part of an embedded text stream for general decoding & display in the receiving radio and is added by user, therefore doesn't rely on a huge database of radio ID's being stored in the radio. There are currently over 200,000 registered amateur ID's world wide and there are not many radios (Anytone excepted) that can store that amount of data.
The problem with TA, is that on older radios, particularly Motorola's, they are unable to decode the data stream properly, which results in reports of audio drop-out. Therefore most amateur DMR networks that use Motorola repeaters do not make use of the TA facility.
Hope this helps
Eric - G6FGY (UK)