David, I would warn you from playing with these radios as you are not comprehending the issues involved in the operations of these. You need and old computer, with a serial port, a rib, a cable, the RSS, and a pure version of DOS. I personally use an old 486 laptop for my programming needs. No USB, no Pentium, No flash drives etc... If you are not willing to go through all of this, motorola isn't going to work for you. I don't mean to be disrespectful, just don't want to see you waste any money when you make a radio into a brick.