Excellent and well thought out response! I think the Anytone 878 and an Openspot4 is a great option; plus codeplugs and a computer are not necessary, with manual TG entry, just a phone or tablet. Plus its small and portable, take it with you anywhere.
Your recommendation gives you Independence from local repeaters (from my experience, most repeater owners are very protective of their sites and frown upon Ragchews and restrict talk groups on DMR.)
Anytone has the AT-D168UV which is a little cheaper than the 878.
The OpenSpot4 is easy to use and I also highly recommend it. However as a “ham project” you can also set up a pi-star and they are a little less expensive.
@KF6DGN You're absolutely correct the 168v is newer and cheaper. What you give away in watts for local UHF/VHF is immaterial if you're going to use it for digital with a hotspot. Regarding hotspots, you're 100% correct that you can buy a raspberry pi based hotspot and install/configure it yourself for about $125, however it also requires a bluetooth mouse and keyboard, and a way to display it on a monitor for initial configuration. I opted for the OpenSpot4 that is on sale for $199 (and arrived from Estonia to USA in 3 days!) because it is idiot-proof and requires the same technical prowess as setting up a Nest thermostat or Ring doorbell.
Tangentially, the hardest part for me as someone with 30 years of technical background is dealing with the idiosyncrasies of the ham community as a neophyte. The hams are an experimental group and they have the attitude there are a 100 ways to skin a cat. As a consequence, I spent easily 40 hours watching inaccurate or incomplete videos trying to get configured because no single source would say "do everything I say, soup to nuts, and it will work". There is something to be said for a benevolent lie: "do everything as I say exactly as I say and it will work, deviate and you'll implode". <- I respect the honest liar that knows we have to make things achievable or we'll frustrate new people.
Because of the huge learning curve of amateur radio, it really behests someone that isn't an EE or a member of IEEE to buy some radio that is turnkey and a corresponding hotspot. The average Joe needs something to get them on the air. I really struggled to figure this stuff out and I'd say my technical skills are objectively top >1% (outside of ham). I pity the general enthusiast that is trying to get into ham and make first contact amidst all the acronyms, inaccurate or incomplete youtube videos, and poor technical support options that abound. Hams are experimental and most are experienced, we have to show mercy to newcomers like myself and the OP that just want a rigid prescription to make a contact and have fun before the layers of complexity get folded in.
In conclusion, buy a throw-away baofeng UV-5R and learn about HT amateur radio while studying for your exams, discard it for a loss of $15 when you "graduate". Get yourself a good HT/mobile/base radio after graduation when you know enough to know you don't know enough. The answers you might conclude are to get a HT hamshack setup like an ICOM 7300, or to simply get a digital HT and hotspot. Either way, a pre-licensed person seeking technician stature doesn't know enough to spend that amount of money ($500-$3000) on the wrong stuff.
73 to all of you!
KE9BXE