Since the FCC is the issuer of the callsigns, they are the authority on how the system works. Go the web page listed below. Read the "About" tab. Then click on the "Sequential Call Sign System" tab and read it. Then click on the "Vanity Call Signs" tab and read it.
About A unique call sign is assigned to each amateur station during the processing of its license applications. Each new call sign is assigned sequentially using the sequential call sign system, which is based on the alphabetized regional-group list for the licensee's operator class and mailing...
www.fcc.gov
When you apply for your first amateur radio license (
up to $15 testing fee collected at the test session plus $35 application fee collected separately by the FCC), you will be issued a callsign using the Sequential Call Sign System:
- If you complete the testing requirements for an Amateur Extra license, you will be issued a Group A callsign (1x2, 2x1, or 2x2 starting with AA-AL). Since all of the 1x2 and 2x1 callsigns have been issued, the FCC is working through the 2x2 callsigns starting with AA-AL.
- If you complete the testing requirements for a General or Technician license, you'll be issued a Group C (1x3 starting with K, N, or W) callsign. But, since all of the Group C callsigns have been issued, you'll get a Group D callsign (2x3 starting with K or W).
As previously mentioned, the
AE7Q.com website is a good place to check for where the FCC is in issuing sequential callsigns. On the left site of the page, under the "Callsign region" heading, click on the button corresponding to your callsign region (listed on the FCC's website). For example, in the 6th callsign region, AK6UP was the last Group A callsign issued and KO6OEK was the last Group D callsign issued.
When applying for a vanity callsign, you can apply for a callsign from any group that you are eligible for. IOW, if you hold a Technician license, you can apply for any Group C or Group D callsign. If you hold a General license, you can apply for any Group C or Group D callsign. If you hold an Amateur Extra license, you can apply for any Group A, Group B, Group C, or Group D callsign.
If you don't already have an amateur radio license, I don't think there's any way to go from nothing to a vanity callsign. I think you have to take the test, wait for the FCC to issue a sequential callsign, then apply for a vanity callsign. The FCC will charge an additional application fee ($35).