The Hy-Gain Penetrator is a 5/8 wave antenna. I've read some notes from its project engineer on their design goals and what makes it a really good antenna and its inventors state its a 5/8 wave. These are not CBers but actual antenna engineering people.
The Hy-Gain Penetrator is a .64 wave antenna, that' why it has a little more gain than the 5/8 wave...