Ground Truth Verification a Necessity in the Mountains
Also, Doppler radar and satellite imagery. Skywarn as a necessity is a thing of the past.
Good Afternoon, I am KD4UYR, Net Manager for the Southwest Carolina SKYWARN Net. For those unfamiliar, I am located near Murphy in the westernmost county of North Carolina, Cherokee County, on the Georgia and Tenniessee State Lines. We answer to WSFO Morristown, Tennessee and we are covered by four WSR-88D RADAR sites at Morristown, TN (MRX), Hytop, AL (HUN), Greer, SC (GSP), and Peachtree City, GA (FFC). The nearest RADAR at 0.5 base reflectivity cannot see below 8,200 feet. I am on Payne's Mountain at 2251 feet, while the official elevation of the valley is 1599 feet at the airport (KRHP). The highest mountain in my county is 4900 feet, and the highest mountain blocking the MRX RADAR is Clingman's Dome (Great Smoky Mountains National Park) at about 5800 feet. Our television comes via satellite from Chattanooga, TN, we have one AM radio station (WKRK 1320) which is our EAS station, one weekly newspaper, and one official weather reporting station at the airport. The county is over 900 square miles.
We can have hail from a rain cloud and no lightening or high winds. We get snow that doesn't appear on RADAR at all. Storms moving in from the SW tend to be more intense than those that have to travel over the mountains from the NE or N. We do get tornadoes (March 2, 2012 EF-3), but our biggest concern is high winds, hail, and flash flooding. In the winter, we get winds in mountain waves that can exceed hurricane force and cannot be seen by RADAR.
Nobody here chases storms. The only straight road is the taxiway at the airport. There are no escape routes, and the tops of our mountains would be in the cloud base of most supercells, especially the wall cloud.
Only 30 percent of the county has 3G or 4G wireless access, about 65 percent has wireless phone access, and about 60 percent of homes have wired internet access. We are completely surrounded by the Nantahala National Forest and property held in trust by the US Government for the Eastern Band of the Cherokee Indian Nation. There are no cell towers on these properties except where the Forest Service has its existing radio equipment.
Our WCM, Anthony Cavallucci K7TNC, has a fully operational ham station at the WSFO Morristown which is staffed by local volunteers for every Severe Thunderstorm, Tornado, or Blizzard Watch. They monitor designated repeaters in 7 districts with regional SKYWARN nets in their 39 county warning area.
About one-half of our spotters are ham operators, but we also have many public service workers and interested volunteers trained. The NWS absolutely relies on our reports, and will call us at home if needed for ground truth verification.
I apologize for the wordiness of my reply, but clearly the author of the quote is referring solely to metro areas despite the fact that only about 1/3 of the population of the US lives in large cities.
There are many places where the NWS absolutely needs ground verification and notification for both warning issuance and verification. Warning verification improves the ability of the NWS to issue accurate warnings in the future.
PS...RADAR is not a word, it is an acronym for Radio Amplitude Detection And Ranging.
PPS...I am a retired deputy sheriff....don't put emergency lights on your pesonal vehicle unless you are specifically authorized by state or local statute. The use of illegal lights while driviing on a public highway or roadway is a moving violation, not an equipment violation in most states.