F1 2023

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TBam

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Does anyone have any frequencies for the US GP at COTA in Oct? I see race team frequencies here Formula 1 (F1) - The RadioReference Wiki but I am unable to find anything related to media. I have an SDS100 so it appears Williams is the only team I would be able to listen to which is fine but I would also like to be able to listen to the broadcasters and their off air production chatter.
 

racingfan360

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The TV Outside Broadcast production frequencies are really quite easy to find as the signals are on constant broadcast. Try 450-490MHz. Sky F1 are often to be found in the 462/463MHz band.
 

Marco192

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Just started to look into F1 comms myself. I believe that the wiki page info is correct for all the races.
Since I live far for a F1 race track I would like to experience and scan that network just once :)
It would be great if someone near a track could setup a SDR server, so others could listen in remotely
 

racingfan360

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I try to keep the wiki pages as up to date as possible, for F1 and other racing series. There is usually some variation in frequencies used between countries, often to avoid interference with existing users. The McLaren frequencies vary the most.
 

Marco192

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I try to keep the wiki pages as up to date as possible, for F1 and other racing series. There is usually some variation in frequencies used between countries, often to avoid interference with existing users. The McLaren frequencies vary the most.
Great stuff and unique info on the web. Thanks!
I guess that you don't need to know all the voice channel frequencies, just the control channel ones ... then a trunking software follows the calls.
Do they have several control channels/sites? I would assume that they can not cover the whole track with just one site.
 

racingfan360

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Great stuff and unique info on the web. Thanks!
I guess that you don't need to know all the voice channel frequencies, just the control channel ones ... then a trunking software follows the calls.
Do they have several control channels/sites? I would assume that they can not cover the whole track with just one site.
Let's start with the easy one. If you have a TETRA receiver that trunk tracks (SDR or AOR with upgrade) then yes that's correct, it will automatically use te control channel and track voice calls across the Riedel network.

Site coverage is a bit of a yes and no answer ! This is where it gets more complicated to explain.

For most uses the Riedel TETRA Network operates like a traditional trunked radio network. In this mode its simply connects one radio to other radios. The whole system is normally run from a single site at the FOM compound, one control channel. Coverage is for most of the circuit. F2 teams and F3 teams use the system like this. Each user has a TETRA terminal (eg a handset) that transmits on a uplink channel and this gets repeated on a downlink channel, just like a normal radio system. The F2, F3 and Safety/Medical cars have TETRA radios.

For F1 though, think of it like a really big IP network with lots of devices connected at the track and beyond. Most devices are physically connected to this IP network. Some devices have a wireless connection to the network. The Riedel TETRA system connects into it as well. But most of the voice comms dont originate from a TETRA radio terminal at all. The team have a comms panel they plug into when static in the pits or on the pitwall. A lot of the pitcrew now have an Extended DECT-based Intercom system to connect in, and this provides multiple duplex voice channels. But these intercoms dont have great range, so some pitcrew still use TETRA handhelds for working in and beyond the garage. This is now the main role of the TETRA network for the F1 teams. In this case, the TETRA network is just being used as a gateway into the teams IP-based network. The TETRA network rebroadcasts car and pit channels audio, and allows the pitcrew access to the voice network via their TETRA hanheld radio.

The F1 cars don't have TETRA radios. The driver voice is combined into telemetry data links that also carries the TV video and sound. This is transmitted on microwave frequencies and received by an extensive setup of antennas placed all around the circuit for best coverage. These receivers are also linked via hardwire fibres back into the FOM hub, and its from here the driver voice is rebroadcast out over the TETRA network.
 

racingfan360

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This is a mostly non-technical video explanation that may give an idea of the scope of F1 radio communications.
How Do F1 Teams Communicate Over A Race Weekend?
Agreed, thanks for posting this AK9R. I hadnt seen that before. The Bolero in the video is Riedels Extended DECT-based Intercom I referred to, The Clearcom variant used by Williams/McLaren is called the Freespeak II.

If you listen carefully to the 'Team Radio' broadcast for an F2 driver using the Riedel system, you can tell by the poor crackily quality that the comms are from a TETRA radio in the car. Compare it with an F1 driver comms using the 'Standard Communications System' that's carried over the telemetry/on-board video link and you'll hear a massive quality difference.
 

Marco192

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Racingfan ... thank you very much for all the details you described. It is truly a very complex system, but voice quality achieved is great!
F1 cars have full duplex voice comms with the team or?
 

racingfan360

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F1 cars have full duplex voice comms with the team or?
I'm not sure if it's as clear cut from the video as what's inferred. For anyone using a TETRA (handheld) terminal it's definitely not full duplex, technically its half duplex. Intercoms are full duplex, as is the driver link when the car is in the garage and plugged into the umbilical. My recollection is the Standard Communications System is full duplex, but operated as if it isn't....not good having driver and race engineer talking over one another given the noise/stresses involved.
 

Ubbe

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When I watch F1 drivers in a race, like Verstappen, I notice that they often talk in full duplex with their pit crew. I would think that it would be very annoying having to speak in simplex and pushing a PTT button and at that time not hearing what the other party might say, as it could be difficult to hear when it's time to respond, they don't use "over" and that kind of radio language. I assume the drivers mic are always active if it sends an audio stream using the telemetri system. There are enough buttons to push on the steering wheel as it is. Maybe 10 years ago they had 2-way radios in the car and had a specific radio button on the steering wheel and some had encryption and so on but technology have evolved since then.

/Ubbe
 

racingfan360

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So just to confirm, I've checked back and confirmed the Standard Communications System (the driver-link) is full duplex.

To Ubbe's questions, the F1 cars still do have buttons to activate the radio. Most are simply PTT, some can be latched on: a drivers preference.

The driver's helmet mic is always active but for this is just for the OB video for FOM, not for the comms link back to the teams. This is a perfect example of that, an active mic that isn't (can't possibly be !!) activiated by the steering wheel radio button:

Surprisingly few F1 teams have used encryption over the years. I've summarized here:
 
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