Using a radio on public safety/government frequencies is a bit like exceeding the speed limit rushing someone to a hospital -- it's never actually legal, but the circumstances will determine whether any action is taken. It's not legal for most people to use the radio frequency of their local law enforcement agency, but if someone is shooting at you or breaking into your house and the radio is your only means of communication, the probability that you'll be in any trouble for using it is exceedingly low. One way to think of it is to say, "Is this situation so dire that I'm willing to pay $25,000 to get some help right away?" If so, then go ahead and do it. The worst that will happen is you get fined $25,000. You probably won't get fined, but even if you do, you did the risk/benefit analysis and concluded it was worth it. They can't fine a dead person.
I probably own at least one radio capable of transmitting on some public safety frequencies. I don't really know; I haven't tested any of them. I do have one that's capable of transmitting in the 350 MHz band, which is mostly government frequencies, but I don't have anything programmed in that band. Even if I had public safety frequencies programmed into a mobile or portable radio, the possibility that I would be (a) in a life-threatening situation, (b) without a cell phone or signal, and (c) close enough to some agency's repeaters/radios to reach them is so remote that I don't even bother to look them up. Everywhere I normally go has cell coverage and anywhere I don't normally go won't be programmed into my radio if I need it.
When I lived in Alaska, it wasn't uncommon for citizens to have radios capable of communicating with local public safety agencies. It wasn't even particularly uncommon for them to use that radio. However, in many parts of Alaska, cell service didn't exist and satellite phones were prohibitively expensive. That was one of the situations where it isn't technically legal, but there was no other way to contact the police or fire department, so nobody got burned over it. Most of the towns and villages in Alaska now have cell coverage, so I don't know if that's still common. Things like Garmin InReach have made radios mostly redundant even for people in the true wilderness.