The future of DMR...Where is it heading?

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SOFA_KING

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Mike, thanks for shedding some light on what transpired behind the scenes. I was busy on a local area project and had to do work in the Carribian all last week, so I apologize for the delay in commenting.

I'm just an end user with a background in two-way radio who has a vision of what I like to call "effective communication". I look at all the capability of the equipment design and think about how it can be used to contact someone I would like to talk to. At times it may be a group, and at other times it may be an individual. The old Nextel network was brilliant at doing both, but perhaps on a smaller scale when it came to groups. As we all know, that was a commercial network, and not amateur radio, which is what we are all about here. But if the DMR network design becomes nothing more than a linking protocol to give local repeaters someone to talk to (do to local inactivity), and just a means to make some noise 24x7 without regard to routing to specific stations or defined groups, then you have lost that function of reaching out to specific stations. That is what D-STAR started out as, and actually achieved, but got jammed up with worldwide "I just want to talk to whoever" 24x7 noise when DPlus came in and totally disregard the original Icom design. Call sign routing became unusable. Part of that problem was the poor implementation of the standard by only being able to "call in the blind". You didn't know if the other end was busy or if you actually got through. Even worse was the "repeater forwarding" in-the-blind design, but DPlus didn't solve any of that. And so many amateurs never really could grasp the convoluted way to make any of these functions work. I still hear the struggle people go through to do a simple task of linking up two repeaters. Perhaps programming FOUR callsign fields and doing UR keyups to do functions, then returning to a general CQCQ channel was too much work, overcomplicated and a bad idea. Now anyone hardly knows what Callsign Routing even is, much less how to do it...if it would even work with all that reflector noise going 24x7. To add to the confusion, Icom radio design keeps changing generation after generation. No standards in design or user interface. What a mess! Many gave up and came over to DMR.

DMR was easier to operate once the initial programming was done. Two communication paths for the price of one added real value. Channels programmed with talkgroups select the destination area or group, although that came with the high price tag of tying up a whole timeslot on many repeaters. Perhaps that was a problem that should have been seen from the beginning. I mean, how long would this have been manageable with rapid growth? I saw that as an immediate problem. And what about contacting individuals? Another opportunity lost? You are not allowed to Private Call, and even Text Messaging is not working (was it ever? I thought it was at one time) over the bridges. So what we are ending up with is just another mishmash of wherever free-for-all QSO operation instead of "effective communication". The opportunity for contacting "targeted individuals or groups" may have been lost.

What a shame. The equipment had all the potential to accomplish that, but the vision of network design missed that completely. Was peer to peer ever considered? Was it always this idea of keying up every repeater in large geographical areas? How could anyone think that was efficient or would be effective? Perhaps the second timeslot was supposed to save the day, but we now see that it is also subject to being tied up. Plus we now have too many cooks who want to do their own recipe of DMR implementation.

Is it too late? I think not. I think MARC could take back control and get it right IF they opted to. Clean form and function are just sitting there waiting to be utilized, as it's already in the DMR standard radio design just waiting to be used. That is a major advantage over Icom's poor user interface concept with D-STAR. All that needs to be revamped is the network structure. Sure, some groups will do what they will, but if MARC (or whoever took the initiative) would provide clearly defined and efficient ways to reach specific groups or individuals, I think that would be more attractive to many amateurs over the 24x7 free-for-all QSO party. Once people started using an efficient network, reaching people they were looking to reach when they wanted or needed to, that would be the "golden standard" and the more attractive option.

Phil
 

N8OHU

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Phil,

I think you're right to a point about DMR and what potential it has, just like you're mostly right about what happened with D-STAR. I disagree that D-STAR was really all that much more difficult than DMR, since what's made it seem that way is the stuff that breaks the intended design functionality of the protocol.
 

SOFA_KING

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Phil,

I think you're right to a point about DMR and what potential it has, just like you're mostly right about what happened with D-STAR. I disagree that D-STAR was really all that much more difficult than DMR, since what's made it seem that way is the stuff that breaks the intended design functionality of the protocol.

Well, as many times as I taught classes on how to program D-STAR and use the UR list (different on just about every radio), people would grasp it until about two or three days after the class. Then they couldn't remember how to access that UR list, or couldn't understand if they were doing it right because they didn't know if they did anything at all without some acknowledgment. DMR would provide positive acknowledgment if the option was enabled. Of course that raises legality questions if you transmit without ID. In text messages I always included my callsign at the end, but acknowledgements don't have that option. Too bad the user ID is only numerical and not alphanumerical. Being the commercial standard it is, that is understandable. I doubt that standard would be altered.

I hope we at least raised a few things to think about, and maybe some improvements will be made. My other major concern is just trying to keep up with all the many changes that happen almost weekly. I travel quite a bit, so programming becomes almost unmanageable. What is needed is a downloadable database similar to what we do with our Uniden scanners. Of course radio equipment is not at that point of accepting such a large volume of data, but I could see a day when it is. If DMR becomes the preferred amateur radio digital mode, and the big Japanese three started producing DMR radios, that could be an opportunity to make such advances. Of course I prefer commercial radios for scanning with rapid priority levels (plus easy nuisance delete) and ease of use, but that often comes at a price of limited flexibility. Time will tell.

Phil
 

caverjamie

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The big draw I have to DMR was two fold. I wanted static-free local communications, and I love the ability to link back home from afar to talk. I strongly agree with the logical talkgroup arrangement of busy talkgroups on one TS and less used talkgroups (including local and PTT) on the other TS. One issue I have noticed that impacts my type of use is the lack of PTT talkgroups on repeaters. Some have several, but many only have TAC310, and some have none at all. One is ok, but it's not going to be enough as it grows.

An option that works to bypass the calling channel issue, is just call or text the guy you want to talk to, say hey key up 310 and call me or key it up and wait for my call. I know I know, you can just use the phone to talk then, but I find a two-way radio conversation is more relaxed and less distracting while driving than a phone - and sometimes more reliable communication, especially out west. Using something like NA as a calling channel only makes sense - but I would still go crazy if it was on full-time and all you heard were people calling other hams constantly. There's a sweet spot in traffic, too little and people say the repeater is dead, too much and people turn it down or nuisance delete.

You can always grow the system with a second repeater in the same area - one repeater becomes the wide area system, and the second can become the local and ptt system. But then you still have the saturation issue where some people want to tune out the calling channel.
 

N9NRA

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The feuture of DMR, another take.

Been following the whole DMR thingy, as i really like DMR, got to play with it last year while i was at Dayton and visiting my brother and found it really fun :). Anyway, was just thinking about the feuture of DMR, and where it may be headed, got to this thought. DMR`s feuture might actually be dictated in the end more by how it ends up being used, what do i mean? Right now we have a nice mix of users on DMR, we got our ragchewers, we got folks that like to do emergency comms, and we got net types that like to listen/check into nets, all of which are peachy as far as i`m concerned. However, what i see now is kinda like a train at a switch, there`s two tracks we can take here, one leads to a feuture pretty much like what we have on other modes like DSTAR, P25, and System Fusion (ragchews and folks making short and long QSO`s along with the "emcomm" users and the once in a while net), the other one leads to something that IMHO makes me wince, a feuture dominated by private, pay-for-play systems/networks and ARES/RACES nets, along with Skywarn, on this track the ragchew & chat folks more-or-less go away, leaving a DMR world populated by a mix of generally ARES/RACES/Skywarn and public service nets (think bike races, balloon events, the odd parade once in a while too) that are run on closed private pay-to-play networks/repeaters. So i ask, which feuture do we want? I know from the really cool time i had with it last year at Dayton i`d want a feuture that`s more inclusive of all users, not just the ones that are into RACES/ARES and Skywarn. If this does happen you`ll know it, as a LOT of radios (used ones) will start appearing on Ebay as well as the swap nets, and activity will drop as the "regular" users drift away to DSTAR, P25, and Fusion. This is not a feuture i personally wanna see, but from the vibe i get after some of the stuff i`ve heard & read on other forums i gotta wonder. Just my 2 cents :) N9NRA
 

N4KVE

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You can always grow the system with a second repeater in the same area - one repeater becomes the wide area system, and the second can become the local and ptt system.
Just tonight I had a chat with one of the local club presidents whose club is setting up a repeater. In his quest for solutions, many people he has spoken to are taking this approach.
 

shmget

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Just tonight I had a chat with one of the local club presidents whose club is setting up a repeater. In his quest for solutions, many people he has spoken to are taking this approach.

With NXDN in CT, I think we are ultimately going to take a similar approach. Some repeaters will have talkgroups that will be CT only, others will carry CT, regional, and nationwide talkgroups. With the digital modes capable of talkgroups (DMR, P25, and NXDN that I know of), it seems prudent to do so. This way we don't have too much overlap of repeaters all transmitting the same thing.
 
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N5TWB

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I like these ideas on reducing the WW/NA/TAC load and hope to see them implemented with one DMR repeater in my area.
 

KA2ZEY

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DStar is alive and well. What's happening with DMR is were having the same issues with repeater operators constantly changing or turning on and off Call Group access on local machines. The user is left helpless by these decisions. Or the user is scolded to get off one talk group and go to another. With DStar, there are so many reflectors to use and with what appears to be a lot less hindrance from the repeater ownder(s). I sold my DMR radio. This might change with more DV4Mini's coming in to the hands of hams.
 

mikewazowski

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Google BrandMeister. It's a reflector based system for DMR that our local area is looking at.
 

N4GIX

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Or the user is scolded to get off one talk group and go to another. With DStar, there are so many reflectors to use and with what appears to be a lot less hindrance from the repeater ownder(s). I sold my DMR radio. This might change with more DV4Mini's coming in to the hands of hams.
This sort of "problem" exists because too many new folks (and some old ones for that matter) simply don't understand how the different TGs operate!

When one uses WW (core) or WW English for example, they are keying up potentially every DMR repeater on the planet for their conversation. The North American (NA) Talk Group has the potential of keying up every DMR repeater in the U.S. and Canada. That is why these are designated as "Calling Groups." I use the adjective "potentially" because some repeaters won't be affected because they are already in use locally by someone on another TG.

The intent is that once contact is made, the two parties should move their conversation to one of the "User Activated" (PTT) talk groups, such as TAC310, TAC311, UA113, UA123, et cetera. By doing this, they will only be tying up two DMR repeater's time slots.

Anyone else of course can also switch to their destination talk group and "pickle their local repeater" on that TG and connect their machine to that TG for a period of time (usually 15 minutes).

Unfortunately, quite often if the other party one is talking to is in Europe, they very well may not have a common TG available to use, in which case they should say "73's thanks for the contact" and clear the wide-area talk group.

The whole idea is to use the "minimum number of resources" for every contact. Don't ever forget that these repeaters are very expensive, and in many cases the owners/trustees/keepers are paying metered internet usage fees on top of every other expense. :(

A few weeks ago I listened to two people "rag chewing" on World Wide English for nearly twenty minutes. Then learned they were both using the same repeater!!! :roll:

That's not just rude, it's also stupid! They could have both used their repeater's TG#2 (True Local) for their QSO. :mad:

The exception to the above occur only during a "net" such as the World Wide DMR-DMARC Net every Wednesday at 1pm EST on the WW All TG#1 when all repeaters on the planet are potentially connected for about an hour and a half, or the North American Tech Net every Wednesday at 9pm EST on North America TG#3.
 
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N2ICV

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I understand that if you use TG 1 ,3 or 13 Make your call and QSY to a tac or UA, But here is what happen to me last week. I heard my friend on TG 3 he was in MI on the Mi5 Network they DON'T have and TAC's or UA's to QSY to ! I (in NJ) was on the K4USD network that has A LOT of TG's. So anyway someone who is a rpt owner BUT into our QSO and starts CRYING that we are burning up all the RPT using this TG ! He never ask or looked up why we COULD NOT HAVE QSYed to a TAC TG. So what could we do, we left a lot of time between key ups and was only on for 10 mins at most.

https://w8cmn.net/tiki-index.php?page=Mi5-Sites-Talkgroups

http://www.k4usd.org/
 

KC1UA

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Google BrandMeister. It's a reflector based system for DMR that our local area is looking at.

I just recently found my way onto BrandMeister after buying a DV4Mini. There are no local BM repeaters in my area, and my local DMR-MARC site has been offline for months due to a move and no internet connection.

BrandMeister seems pretty cool, and I'm primarily still listening to get the lay of the land, so to speak, but it seems as though there is a great deal of ragchewing going on on TG 3100 (USA) on a regular basis. That said I've never heard anyone complaining about it, but I know the general practice is to move to another TG with lesser burden on the overall network. As it's a pretty new network there are a lot of "growing pains" involved from what I'm hearing; maybe things will tighten up as they develop further. Being new I've hesitated to ask the question in the few times I've actually talked on the network, and I have yet to find an "official" BrandMeister protocol although maybe I'm not Googling well enough.

Simply put, it seems like common sense to get off of the wide area TG's if possible, and get to someplace where as few resources are consumed as possible.

Scott/KC1UA
 

N4GIX

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So anyway someone who is a rpt owner BUT into our QSO and starts CRYING that we are burning up all the RPT using this TG ! He never ask or looked up why we COULD NOT HAVE QSYed to a TAC TG. So what could we do, we left a lot of time between key ups and was only on for 10 mins at most.

https://w8cmn.net/tiki-index.php?page=Mi5-Sites-Talkgroups

http://www.k4usd.org/

I've always wondered why such a large network in Michigan does not carry at least one or two of the PTT Talk Groups. Instead, they carry only WW and NA which are both wide area TGs and then complain about it... :roll:

I have the same problem when I would like to talk to my (distant) relatives who live in Finland, Denmark, Sweden, Germany and now even the U.K.
 

SCPD

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Both sides of the coin

I've been sitting back watching this discussion on here and yahoo usergroups, and have two opposing viewpoints.

First, to those who think you have the right to talk anywhere you want:
You don't. Due to the nature of the beast, DMR for Ham Radio cannot satisfy all users. The repeater owners bought the stuff. The repeater owners pay for the links, the maintenance, the infrastructure, etc. The majority of the users have never pulled a penny out of their pocket towards supporting the system. If the people paying the bills say no long QSO's on NA or WW, then that's the way it is. You just can't expect to have a path to anywhere you want. If some system like Mi5 does not have a TAC310 or equivalent, then guess what? You are what they call S.O.L. 10 years ago all we had was stand alone analog repeaters. Life went on. It's not a tragedy.

Now the other side of the coin:

Around here, the local talkgroups are drier than last year's birds nest. When I hear this talk of "Don't tie up NA", I think to myself, at least someone's talking.
Are local talkgroups being used outside Metro Detroit? We have the Mi5 and the DCI, and you can roll a tumbleweed down the local talkgroups here.

Here's my thought:
Create a US talkgroup, put it all by itself on a timeslot, and every machine in the US carries it. It would become active, it would become hopping, it would become interesting and informative. It would be something to listen to that you could understand. US only, no links anywhere else.
Drop WW if you need the room. Gasp!!! Really think about it. Could we live without WW? Would a machine with US need NA? As a percentage of US users, how many really care about being able to talk overseas, or into Latin and South America? Every repeater owner/trustee, look over your list of talk groups and ask yourself do you really need all of them? Are you carrying a talk group just because one guy want to talk to his brother in Slowboneya?

A machine with US on one slot, and a local talkgroup on the other. That's it. I know it's outside the box thinking, but with what we have to work with, would this concept really not be a bad idea?
 
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N4GIX

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A machine with US on one slot, and a local talkgroup on the other. That's it. I know it's outside the box thinking, but with what we have to work with, would this concept really not be a bad idea?
The only difference between a "US" TG and the current "NA" is that Canada is left out of the connection. The problem of having many hundreds of repeaters keyed up simultaneously would still be present.

The concept of having successively smaller and more condensed systems for regional and statewide TGs is a very good one that I'd loathe to see disappear. I really enjoy the weekly Indiana Statewide directed net. It not only helps to build a sense of community, it also serves as a weekly "stress test" of our ability to coordinate communications in the event of a statewide emergency.

Ideally if all networks carried at least one or two PTT TGs for peer-to-peer connections in common, much of the angst would be eased. It is impossible to "minimize resources maximally" if there's no common group for folks to use.

Most hams already understand the concept of not carrying out extended QSO's on analog "calling frequencies" so I don't understand why there's so much confusion about having specific TGs as "calling groups", most especially so with the two World Wide TGs!

I live in Indiana and if I am having a rag-chew session with a friend in south Texas, there's absolutely no reason why I should be tying up repeaters in Australia (or the rest of the world for that matter).
 
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W2GLD

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Every kingdom must fall, same is the case for DMR-MARC... The powers that be on DMR-MARC's network has caused many to have a bad experience with DMR in general. Those days are over, there are choices and sensible layouts available to all and you need no rely on the repeater gods that control the network or infrastructure any longer; BrandMeister is here and you too can be the master of your own domain.

Before I get into the details of this, I would like to say, as a repeater owner, we spend allot of time and money configuring these repeaters for the good of all amateurs and you simply cannot satisfy everyone; hams are the worst at trying to please... In addition, repeater owners under the "old Natzi controlled" DMR platform were also at the mercy of the c-Bridge owners; the ultimate gods that control global access; so we feel the same pain as a user might when trying to link around the world. Some c-Bridge operators force users to carry talkgroups that have little to no comms, but they want them there full-time and so your are stuck with their rules unless you purchase your own c-Bridge, which requires allot more expenses to each repeater owner. Right out of the gate, the average repeater owner is spending between $2500 and $3500 per site; add a c-Bridge and the price goes up another $2000+/- depending on the c-Bridge and then there is internet, static IP addresses and so-forth. Huge monthly expenses... With that said, I'm not sure anyone really case what subscriber radio your using. If your budget only allows for a starter Tytera MD-380, then so be it; but don't complain that the local system doesn't give YOU, what YOU want; unless you are a contributing member to that system. Okay, off that rant and onto the positive changes in DMR now with BrandMeister.

BrandMeister is an "open" network that is hardware agnostic. It supports Motorola repeaters, Hytera repeaters, and even home-brew repeaters (BTW, the Yaesu DR-1X is a great platform for a home-brew repeater). Each repeater owner can choose their own static (full-time) talkgroups from the entire list of available talkgroups, but even more importantly, all of the other talkgroups are always available as PTT options when desired, no further configuration needed, no permission from the c-Bridge owner needed. They are just there and available. The basic repeater model carries a list of known talkgroups depending on what area of the country the repeater is located. For example, a Michigan repeater would carry the following static (full-time):

Timeslot 1:
  • TG# 91 = Worldwide
  • TG# 93 = North America
  • TG# 3100 = US Nationwide
  • TG# 31098 = US Call Sign Region 8
  • TG# 3126 = Michigan Statewide

So Timeslot 1 is essentially for a hierarchy of calling talkgroups to target specific areas form Worldwide to State Level; a user should choose what's appropriate. I.E. if you're looking for your friend who lives in Ohio, you might only call CQ on TG# 31098 (US Call Sign Region 8), which in turn only keys up repeaters in those states. If it's a short QSO, stay there, if it's longer than a few moments, move to a more appropriate talkgroup. A better solution however would be to use the PTT talkgroup for Ohio, which is TG# 3139, then you're only keying up repeaters in Ohio.

As for timeslot# 2, that is designed more for local use, for example, let's say you are in the Philadelphia area and you have a group of repeaters both on the Philadelphia side and the New Jersey side of the river; lots of commuters back and forth there, you're talkgroup plan on timeslot# 2 might look like this:

Timeslot# 2:
  • TG# 9 = Local Repeater Only
  • TG# 2 = Philadelphia Area Repeaters Only
  • TG# x = Tri-State Commuter (PA/NJ/DE Repeaters)

With this, each user has a RX Group with all possible talkgroups and a single channel programmed for TX of each. Then you can here the traffic and select the best option for the time of day/area.

Rememeber, all other talkgroups are still available to everyone via PTT, so you're not limited to these, but these instead become the static (full-time) talkgroups. So with this model, users can hail from anywhere and you will hear their traffic, but you still retain the sense of a local repeater as well and benefit from a true amateur radio type system, just like calling CQ on 146.520 and so-forth.

Now, another great addition BrandMeister brings to the table is a home-brew repeater and/or hotspot. You can build your own gateway and house whatever talkgroup YOU want yourself. All that's needed is a MMDVM board or a DVMega, Raspberry Pi 2/3 and two 9600 baud capable radios for a repeater; the DVMega only requires a Raspberry Pi as it includes a UHF transmitter/receiver onboard. With the DVMega, you essentially get a single timeslot device but still access to all of the talkgroups on a PTT basis. However, the MMDVM repeater option gives you two timeslots and works just like a Motorola or Hytera repeater. The Yaesu DR-1X is a great cheap piece of hardware for this project, plus it's also support D-Star and DMR from the same repeater.

Be sure to check out these links; it's time to abandon the stronghold on DMR that DMR-MARC has and move to a truly open amateur radio platform. The c-Bridge has outlived it's usefulness because of the dictatorship mentality that runs them. In just over a month, BrandMeister has grown beyond expectations and continues to grow daily.

BrandMeister Network (brandmeister.network)

BrandMeister US (brandmeister.us)

MMDVM Open Source Multi-Mode Digital Voice Modem
 

SCPD

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Chit chat

I'm not going to quote your whole thing W2GLD but want to comment on a couple of things you and said:

Question 1: Do you really need WW on your machine? Letting go of it frees up traffic. Other than maybe the WW net on Saturday morning, how many users of YOUR repeater would miss WW? (BTW: I didn't know there was a US talkgroup already). Could WW be a ptt, as opposed to a nationwide talk group? I just don't see the romance of just having to have WW on every machine. I don't scan it, mainly because I have a dickens of a time on DMR understanding our friends on the other side of the pond.

Second thing is you list 3 local talkgroups for the Philly/NJ area on the same time slot. Why have more than one? Think about it for a moment.
Kinda like Mi5 and it's 4 statewide talk groups. Why have more than 2?

And N8GIX, what I'm proposing intentionally ties up every repeater. A nationwide talk group all by itself on one slot, hopping all day and all night like a rabbit on a date. Right now for the most part DMR is quiet, at least around my parts. A QSO on NA is frowned on, What's the point of taking it somewhere where only two people hear it? How popular would 2M or 440 be if, as soon as you started a QSO on a machine, you had to QSY to simplex? For DMR to stay popular, hams are going to want to be listening to QSO's. Sure most won't participate, but they will enjoy listening. If you intentionally gag NA, they will drift back to analog FM, looking for something, anything to listen to. And another comment you said about analog repeater owners frowning on extended QSO's, I just don't see that. I'm not saying I've been inn this hobby a long time, but my first 2 meter mobile was a crystal controlled Heathkit I built myself. And I've never heard "Don't tie up my machine" until DMR came along.
 
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N4GIX

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Second thing is you list 3 local talkgroups for the Philly/NJ area on the same time slot. Why have more than one? Think about it for a moment.
Because this way there could potentially be three separate conversations going on simultaneously throughout the tri-state area? Think about that... :wink:
 

SCPD

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Ummm

Because this way there could potentially be three separate conversations going on simultaneously throughout the tri-state area? Think about that... :wink:

It's the same timeslot. 3 separate conversations?
 
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